Timber vs wood
There is often confusion about the interchangeability of the terms ‘timber’ and ‘wood’.
The term ‘wood’ is used to refer to the substance that makes up the tree. It is the hard, fibrous structural tissue that is commonly found in the stems and roots of trees. The primary function of wood is to support the tree, enabling it to grow straight and tall enough to be able to absorb sunlight for photosynthesis. Wood also enables the transfer of water and nutrients to growing tissues and leaves.
The term ‘timber’ is used to refer to the wood at any stage after the tree has been felled. This can include the raw material, also known as rough timber or the processed material.
In the UK, Australia and New Zealand, as well as some other countries, timber typically refers to sawn wood products that will be used in construction, such as floorboards. 'Timbers' may refer specifically to timber beams or boards used in house building.
In the United States and Canada, timber often refers to felled trees, and the term ‘lumber’ is used to refer to sawn wood products.
What begins with timber in its most basic form can these days result in the most advanced of products.
From the versatility of plywood, the creation of massive glulam beams or even beautifully crafted veneer, engineered wood products provide a varied range of materials that use timber for an increasing list of both structural, functional and design applications.
These products are not only helping to redefine modern construction practices, but show that wood can rival more traditional building products in terms of its environmental impact, strength, cost, finish and workability.
NB See: The use of wood in construction for an alternative definition.
[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings
- 11 things you didn't know about wood.
- Carpentry.
- Definition of tree for planning purposes.
- Forests.
- Physical Properties of Wood.
- Predicting service life of timber structures.
- Sapwood.
- The differences between hardwood and softwood.
- Timber.
- Tree rights.
- Types of timber.
- Wood around the world.
- Wrot timber.
Featured articles and news
Inspiring the next generation to fulfil an electrified future
Technical Manager at ECA on the importance of engagement between industry and education.
Repairing historic stone and slate roofs
The need for a code of practice and technical advice note.
Environmental compliance; a checklist for 2026
Legislative changes, policy shifts, phased rollouts, and compliance updates to be aware of.
UKCW London to tackle sector’s most pressing issues
AI and skills development, ecology and the environment, policy and planning and more.
Managing building safety risks
Across an existing residential portfolio; a client's perspective.
ECA support for Gate Safe’s Safe School Gates Campaign.
Core construction skills explained
Preparing for a career in construction.
Retrofitting for resilience with the Leicester Resilience Hub
Community-serving facilities, enhanced as support and essential services for climate-related disruptions.
Some of the articles relating to water, here to browse. Any missing?
Recognisable Gothic characters, designed to dramatically spout water away from buildings.
A case study and a warning to would-be developers
Creating four dwellings... after half a century of doing this job, why, oh why, is it so difficult?
Reform of the fire engineering profession
Fire Engineers Advisory Panel: Authoritative Statement, reactions and next steps.
Restoration and renewal of the Palace of Westminster
A complex project of cultural significance from full decant to EMI, opportunities and a potential a way forward.
Apprenticeships and the responsibility we share
Perspectives from the CIOB President as National Apprentice Week comes to a close.
The first line of defence against rain, wind and snow.
Building Safety recap January, 2026
What we missed at the end of last year, and at the start of this.























Comments